This procedure combines diagnosis and treatment for conditions affecting the esophagus — such as trouble swallowing (dysphagia), muscle spasms, strictures, or suspected growths. Using a long, flexible scope, the doctor inspects the inside of the esophagus, collects tissue samples if needed (biopsy), injects Botox to relax tight muscles, and stretches narrowed sections (dilation) to improve swallowing.

 The procedure is typically done under general anesthesia. A small camera is passed through the mouth and down the throat. Biopsies may be taken for testing. Botox is injected into areas where the esophagus is overly tight, often helping ease spasms or achalasia. Dilation is performed using inflatable balloons or soft dilators. Patients may have a sore throat afterward and must avoid eating or drinking for a few hours. Botox effects develop over a few days and can last several months. Follow-up depends on the underlying condition, but most patients experience a noticeable improvement in swallowing comfort.