An office biopsy involves taking a small tissue sample from a visible lesion or abnormal area in the larynx or pharynx using a flexible scope and biopsy forceps. This procedure is typically done to rule out or confirm cancer, chronic inflammation, or infections in patients with hoarseness, pain, or visible growths. Unlike surgical biopsies done in the operating room, this procedure can be performed right in the office without general anesthesia.

The throat is numbed with spray, and a flexible endoscope is used to visualize the area. A small biopsy tool is passed to gently remove a tiny piece of tissue through a working channel in the scope. The procedure usually takes 10–15 minutes. Some patients feel slight pressure or irritation, and there may be a brief sore throat or a tiny amount of bleeding afterward, but most people tolerate it well. You can speak and eat usually shortly after the procedure. Biopsy results typically return within a week and guide the next steps. Office biopsy is safe and efficient and often avoids needing a trip to the OR — though some findings may still require follow-up surgery depending on results.