Radiation laryngitis is a condition that affects people who have undergone radiation therapy for cancer in the head and neck area. While radiation helps destroy cancer cells, it can also cause long-term damage to healthy tissues, including the vocal cords. Radiation-related laryngitis leads to hoarseness, a weak or breathy voice, and, in severe cases, difficulty speaking. Early on, radiation can cause swelling and irritation, but over time, the vocal cords may become stiff and scarred, limiting their ability to vibrate correctly.

Symptoms of radiation laryngitis can appear weeks, months, or even years after treatment. People may notice their voice becoming progressively weaker, rougher, or more effortful. Some may experience dryness and a constant need to clear their throat due to reduced saliva production. Treatment focuses on maintaining vocal health through hydration, humidifiers, and gentle vocal exercises. Speech therapy can help patients adapt to voice changes and develop techniques to reduce strain. Treatments like steroid injections or voice implants may sometimes improve vocal function​.