Verrucous lesions are rough, wart-like growths on the vocal cords that can make the voice sound hoarse, weak, or breathy. These lesions are often caused by long-term irritation, such as smoking, acid reflux, or chronic vocal strain. Some verrucous lesions are harmless, but others may be linked to early-stage cancer, making proper diagnosis important.

Doctors typically examine the vocal cords using a camera-based procedure called laryngoscopy to determine the nature of the lesion. If needed, a biopsy is performed to rule out cancer. Treatment depends on the cause, but options may include laser removal, voice therapy, and lifestyle changes like quitting smoking or managing acid reflux. Recovery varies, but patients usually experience voice improvement within weeks after treatment.